1959: A multi-party constitution is adopted.
1960: King Mahendra is opposed to Prime Minister B.P. Koirala ‘Nepali Congress Party’ (NCP) and seizes control – suspending parliament, the constitution and party politics.
1972: King Mahendra dies and is succeeded by his son, Birendra.
1980: Popular agitation for reform results in King agreeing to allow direct election to national assembly on a non-party basis.
1985: Civil disobedience campaigns in favour of restoration of multi-party politics.
1990: Pro-democracy forces push for reform. King Birendra eventually agrees to new democratic constitution for the first time in 30 years.
1991: NCP wins first democratic elections. Girija Prasad Koirala becomes Prime Minister.
1994: Vote of no confidence in Koirala’s government. New elections seeformation of Communist government, subsequently dissolved.
1996: Nepal Communist Party (Maoist) attack rural police posts, heralding the beginning of a decade long bloody insurrection aimed at abolishing the monarchy and establishing a people’s republic.
1999: Birendra dissolves parliament.
2000: Koirala returns as Prime Minister, heading the ninth government in 10 years.
2001 (June): King Birendra, Queen Aishwarya and other close relatives killed byCrown Prince Dipendra, who also shoots himself. Prince Gyanendra crowned King after Dipendra dies of his injuries. Widespread uncertainty and social chaos exploited by Maoist insurgents, who step up their campaign. Prime Minister Koirala quits and is succeeded by Sher Bahadur Deuba.
2001 (Nov): 4 months old truce between Government and Maoists breaks down and peace talks fail. Maoists launch coordinated attacks on army and police posts. State of emergency declared, King Gyanendra orders army to crush the Maoist rebels.
2002 (May): Pro-democracy forces and government in political confrontation over renewal of state of emergency.
2002 (Oct): King puts off elections indefinitely and dismisses Deuba.
2003 (Jan): Rebels and government declare ceasefire.
2003 (May-June): King appoints Surya Bahadur Thapa, his personal choice, as new Premier.
2003 (Aug): Ceasefire agreement and peace talks collapse.
2004: Surya Bahadur Thapa quits as Prime Minister after weeks of protests. Gyanendra reappoints Deuba as Prime Minister Popular during under popular pro-democracy protests.
2005 (Feb): King declares state of emergency, dismisses government, and assumes direct power. Britain and India stopped all military aid to Nepal.
2006 (Apr – June): Weeks of popular pro-democracy strikes and protests force the King to reinstate Parliament – which promptly votes to curtail his political powers. For the first time in 3 years, the government and the Maoists initiate peace talks and agree the Maoists should be brought into an interim government.
2006 (Nov): Ten years of Maoist insurgency come to an end as the government and Maoists sign a Peace Accord.
2007: Elections for constituent assembly first pushed back, then scrapped as Maoists quit interim government in an attempt to force the abolition of the monarchy. Parliament agrees as part of a peace deal designed to bring the Maoists back to the government.
Image by one1world published under a creative commons license
2008 (Jan): Ethnic groups in the southern Terai region start violently demanding autonomy in a potential dangerous precedent.
2008 (Apr): Elections to the constituent assembly give the Maoists the largest bloc of seats but not an outright majority.
2008 (May): Nepal becomes a republic.
2009 (May): Prime Minister Prachanda resigns, stating an “unconstitutional and undemocratic” move by President Yadav in stopping the elected Maoist government from sacking the army chief. Veteran communist leader Madhav Kumar Nepal is elected as the country’s new Prime Minister.
2010 (Jan):Nepal begins to reintegrate former child soldiers who have been held in camps since the signing of the peace agreement in 2006
2010 (May): The government declares the 28th May deadline for a new constitution an impossibility, while the PM-question splits Maoists and other parties. This is accompanied by the largest anti-government protests since the election of the new government
2010 (June): PM resigns after increased pressure and widespread Maoists demands for his resignation. This marks the beginning of a 7 months period of deadlock with no candidate being able to get a majority of votes.
2011 (Jan): UMIN troops leave the country after the end of an already extended mandate; final decision of the integration of 19,000 Maoist ex-combatants under control of a cross-party committee
2011 (Feb): UML party candidate Jhala Nath Khanal is elected as new PM, after a change in voting rules.
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